CONFIGURAZIONE ELETTRONICA

CHIMICA

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  1. Matteostok94
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    Z El. Configurazione elettronica
    1 H 1S1
    2 He* 1S2
    3 Li 1S22S1
    4 Be 1S22S2
    5 B 1S22S22p1
    6 C 1S22S22p2
    7 N 1S22S22p3
    8 O 1S22S22p4
    9 F 1S22S22p5
    10 Ne* 1S22S22p6
    11 Na 1S22S22p63S1
    12 Mg 1S22S22p63S2
    13 Al 1S22S22p63S23p1
    14 Si 1S22S22p63S23p2
    15 P 1S22S22p63S23p3
    16 S 1S22S22p63S23p4
    17 Cl 1S22S22p63S23p5
    18 Ar* 1S22S22p63S23p6
    19 K 1S22S22p63S23p64S1
    20 Ca 1S22S22p63S23p64S2
    21 Sc 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D1
    22 Ti 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D2
    23 V 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D3
    24 Cr 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D4
    25 Mn 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D5
    26 Fe 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D6
    27 Co 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D7
    28 Ni 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D8
    29 Cu 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D9
    30 Zn 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D10
    31 Ga 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p1
    32 Ge 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p2
    33 As 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p3
    34 Se 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p4
    35 Br 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p5
    36 Kr* 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p6
    37 Rb 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S1
    38 Sr 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S2
    39 Y 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D1
    40 Zr 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D2
    41 Nb 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D3
    42 Mo 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D4
    43 Tc 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D5
    44 Ru 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D6
    45 Rh 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D7
    46 Pd 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D8
    47 Ag 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D9
    48 Cd 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D10
    49 In 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p1
    50 Sn 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p2
    51 Sb 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p3
    52 Te 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p4
    53 I 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p5
    54 Xe* 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p6
    55 Cs 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S1
    56 Ba 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S2
    57 La 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F1
    58* Ce 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F2
    59* Pr 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F3
    60* Nd 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F4
    61* Pn 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F5
    62* Sm 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F6
    63* Eu 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F7
    64* Gd 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F8
    65* Tb 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F9
    66* Dy 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F10
    67* Ho 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F11
    68* Er 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F12
    69* Tn 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F13
    70* Yb 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F14
    71* Lu 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D1
    72 Hf 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D2
    73 Ta 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D3
    74 W 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D4
    75 Re 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D5
    76 Os 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D6
    77 Ir 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D7
    78 Pt 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D8
    79 Au 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D9
    80 Hg 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D10
    81 Tl 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p1
    82 Pb 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p2
    83 Bi 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p3
    84 Po 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p4
    85 At 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p5
    86 Rn* 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p6
    87 Fr 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S1
    88 Ra 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S2
    89 Ac 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F1
    90* Th 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F2
    91* Pa 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F3
    92* U 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F4
    93* Np 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F5
    94* Pu 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F6
    95* Am 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F7
    96* Cm 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F8
    97* Bk 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F9
    98* Cf 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F10
    99* Es 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F11
    100* Fm 1S22S22p63S23p64S23D104p65S24D105p66S24F145D106p67S25F12

    Osservazione1:Tutti i gas nobili, a parte l’He che ha solo due elettroni, presentano due elettroni nel livello “S” e sei nel”P” : questa configurazione a otto elettroni è detta ottetto.
    Gli elettroni che hanno altri elementi in più rispetto al gas nobile che li precede vengono chiamati elettroni di valenza importantissimi perché coinvolti nelle reazioni chimiche.
    Osservazione2: Un atomo attraverso una reazione chimica perde o acquista elettroni in numero tale da consentire una configurazione elettronica uguale o il più vicino possibile a quella dei gas nobili.
    Osservazione 3: I livelli energetici vengono occupati dagli elettroni a partire dal livello energetico più basso. Ogni livello viene riempito fino al massimo della sua capacità.
    Osservazione 4: Vale il principio di esclusione di Pauli:ogni sottorbitale può tenere al massimo due elettroni con spin antiparalleli.
    Osservazione 5:Vale la regola di Hund:in un atomo gli elettroni di uno stesso sottolivello tendono a occupare il maggior numero di orbitali disponendosi a spin paralleli.





    LEGENDA
    *= gas nobile (LA SIGLA)
    *=elemento artificiale (IL NUMERO)
     
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